was arrested by NDLEA officials and taken to their office where he made a
statement. He was not charged along with the Appellant and the 2nd accused and
was not even called as a witness to testify. The fact that the 2nd accused forged the
documents of Efcrisam Group to enable him clear the container does not prove
conclusively or lead irresistibly to the inference that he worked in concert with the
appellant to import cocaine into Nigeria; especially as PW11 the MD of Ellisbanov
Nig Ltd stated in his evidence that he the case of State v. Ogbubunjo (2001) 2
NWLR (Pt. 698) 576 @ Pp 590 D-G. 607 F-G. the Supreme Court observed:
"In order for circumstantial evidence to support a conviction, such evidence must
not only be cogent, complete and unequivocal but compelling and lead to the
irresistible conclusion that the accused and no one else is the offender; it must leave
no ground for reasonable doubt and must be inconsistent with any other rational
conclusion. There must be no other co-existing circumstance which can weaken
such inference. [Lori v. State (1980) 5SC 5; State v. Uzor (1972) 1NMLR 208]"
There are certainly in the instant case other possible explanations for the actions of
the 2nd accused other than a plan to import cocaine into Nigeria. He may have
acted because he was paid to forge the documents or to facilitate the quick
clearance of the container in order to earn his fees. In his first statement after arrest
on 21/1/11 at pages 155 - 158 of the printed record, he stated that he was given a
total sum of N50, 000.00 by Audu Ismail for the processing of the documents. He
also said that when he went to Efcrisam Group at no 7 Olusesan Ogunro Street
Okunola Egbeda Lagos he found it was a residential home without any company
signboard with the name Efcrisam Group, he informed Audu Ismail who told him
to wait that he would contact the person that gave him the documents. After
waiting for two days and time was passing, he then went to computer centre at
Apapa to do the fake documents. There is nothing in the evidence led to show any
connection between the 2nd accused and any other person in the entire
transaction/other than Audu Ismail. It is thus rather surprising that Ismail - and
Kayode Fashagba were not called to testify. However, the fact remains that the
circumstantial evidence adduced by the Respondent did not lead to the logical
conclusion that there was a conspiracy between the appellant and the 2nd accused
to import cocaine from Bolivia into Nigeria. Learned counsel for the appellant is
right in his submission that it is the duty of the court in every case of conspiracy to
ascertain as best as it could the evidence of the complicity of any of those charged
with the offence of conspiracy. No evidence of complicity was adduced in the
instant case and the learned trial judge erred in convicting the appellant of
conspiring with 2nd accused and others at Large to import 165 Kilograms of
Cocaine from Bolivia, South America using container no. MSCU 1287231
I will take the appellants issues 1 & 3 together, that is whether the offence of
importation of 165 kilograms of cocaine was proved against the Appellant in line