of the defendant filed their respective written addresses which they adopted as their oral submission. P.W.1 is one Ayodele Oniemola who works with the Federal Ministry of Lands, Housing and Development and is currently the secretary of the Land Use Allocation Committee of the said Ministry. His work schedule includes allocation of land and preparation of certificates of occupancy. His sworn testimony is as follows: That sometimes in 2013, one operative of the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) came to their office to investigate a case of fraud in respect of a parcel of land allocated to the defendant. The operative came with a letter from the EFCC. Attached to the letter were two certificates of occupancy. The certificates of occupancy were marked Appendix A and Appendix B respectively. The EFCC requested the Ministry to verify the documents. P.W.1 said he was the leader of the team in the Abuja office of the Ministry that worked on the documents. He said upon verification, it was discovered that Appendix A was an authentic Certificate of Occupancy while Appendix B was the cloned copy. The report of the verification was forwarded to the EFCC. He said he worked with Mrs. A. A. Adegoke who signed the letter of report of the investigation. The letter and the attachments thereto were tendered and admitted in evidence as Exhibit 1. He went further to say that the Ministry issued a Certified True Copy of the authentic C of O. His evidence is as follows: “The Ministry issued a Certified True Copy of the authentic C of O. The C of O is a copy of what we have in the registry. It carries the stamp and signature of the registrar on every paper and has a cover page that indicates what it is.” 3