earlier decision to govern and determine the latter case and bind the lower Courts. Where the cases are not the same or similar, the principle is inapplicable. See ADEGOKE MOTORS LTD V. ADESANYA (1989) 3 NWLR (PT. 109) 250, BAKARE V. NIGERIAN RAILWAY CORP. (2007) 17 NWLR (PT. 1064) 606 and ABUBAKAR V. NASAMU (NO2) (supra). Furthermore, a judgment should always be read in the light of the facts on which the case was delivered. Thus, the rules of stare decisis do not allow Courts to apply the ratio of a case across the board and with little regard to the facts of the case before them. The question then is, what is an Economic and Financial Crime? A financial crime can be conceived as any unlawful activity intended to gain some financial benefits. On the other hand, an economic crime is a broader concept which may include illegal action that go beyond financial benefits to affecting the fabric of society. Section 46 of the Economic and financial Crimes (EFCC Establishment) Act, 2004 describes the phrase “Economic and Financial Crimes” as follows: “Economic and Financial Crimes means the non – violent criminal and illicit activity committed with the objectives of earning wealth illegally either individually or in a group or organized manner thereby violating existing legislation governing the economic activities of government and its administration and includes any form of fraud, narcotic drugs, trafficking, money laundering, embezzlement, bribery, looting and any form of corrupt CA/S/114C/2022 Page 9